What a bill of sale proves
A bill of sale is a written record that a seller transferred an identified item to a buyer for an agreed price on a specific date. It documents the transaction and its terms.
Plain-English ownership guide
What Is a Bill of Sale?
A bill of sale records the transfer of an item from a seller to a buyer, with the price and terms of the sale.
A bill of sale is proof that ownership changed hands. For vehicles, boats, trailers, and motorcycles it typically lists the parties, the item and its identifying number, the odometer reading where relevant, the price, the date, and whether the sale is as-is. Some states also require it to be notarized.
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What it does not replace
For titled property such as vehicles, boats, and some trailers, a bill of sale usually does not replace the signed title or the government forms needed to register ownership.
When notarization matters
Requirements vary by state and item type. Some transactions require notarized signatures; many do not. Check the relevant state agency before the parties sign.
Why both parties keep a copy
The seller can show when possession changed, and the buyer can show the agreed price and terms. Matching signed copies reduce confusion after the sale.
What to include
Names of the seller and the buyer
Description of the item being sold
VIN, hull ID, or serial number
Odometer reading for vehicles
Sale price and date
As-is statement and signatures
Common questions
When do I need a bill of sale?
Use a bill of sale whenever you buy or sell a vehicle, boat, trailer, or motorcycle privately, or any time you want a written record of a sale.
Does a bill of sale need to be notarized?
It depends on the state. Some states require notarization for vehicle sales, while many others do not. Check your state's rules before signing.
Is a bill of sale a legal contract?
A signed bill of sale is evidence of a sale, but it is not legal advice. For high-value or unusual transactions, consider review by qualified counsel.
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Important note
This page is a practical paperwork guide, not legal advice. State rules for titling, notarization, and odometer disclosure vary. Review important documents with qualified counsel before use.